April - June 2025, Volume 21, Issue 2

Shan D, Xu W, Wu L, Jiang J

Association between Sarcopenia and Insulin Resistance in Middle-Aged and Older People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Acta Endo (Buc) 2025, 21 (2): 164-171
doi: 10.4183/aeb.2025.164

Objective. To probe into the potential connection between sarcopenia and insulin resistance in middle-aged and older cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. Ninety-six middle-aged and older patients with T2DM were selected. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was applied to take the appendicular muscle mass into measurement. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) was calculated. By utilizing HOMA-IR and determining fasting C-peptide levels, insulin resistance (IR) was assessed. Results. According to the median value of ASMI (9.32 kg/m2), there were statistically significant differences in gender, height, weight, BMI, fasting C-peptide level, fasting glucose content in blood as well as in HOMA-IR among different ASMI groups. The correlated analysis unlocked that there were evidently negative correlations between ASMI and age, fasting blood glucose level (ρ=- 0.214), lnHOMA-IR, and high-density lipoprotein dividly in middle-aged and older T2DM patients, while ASMI owned significantly positive correlation with fasting C-peptide level. In this population, male patients had a higher ASMI than females. After adjusting physical parameters and biochemical indicators, the multiple linear regression model demonstrated that ASMI was independently negatively correlated with lnHOMA-IR and fasting C-peptide level. Conclusion. ASMI associates with sarcopenia in middle-aged and older patients with T2DM is tightly linked with IR and pancreatic functionality.

Keywords: Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Sarcopenia, Insulin resistance.

Correspondence: Juan Jiang MD, Haimen District People's Hospital, 1201 Beijing Road, Haimen District, Nantong City 226100, Jiangsu Province, China, E-mail: lnyxkhm@126.com