April - June 2025, Volume 21, Issue 2

Choi KE, Kim SH, Bae DW

Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Bone Mineral Density in Multiple Canal Involvement of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Acta Endo (Buc) 2025, 21 (2): 201-206
doi: 10.4183/aeb.2025.201

Background and Objective. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) has been associated with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and reduced bone mineral density (BMD), but it remains unclear whether these factors contribute to involvement of multiple semicircular canals. This study aimed to evaluate whether decreased BMD or vitamin D concentrations are associated with multi-canal BPPV. Methods. In this single-center retrospective study, 102 consecutive patients with idiopathic BPPV confirmed by video-oculography (VOG) were analyzed. All patients had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements and BMD T-scores assessed. Results. Among 102 patients (29 men, 73 women; mean age 62.3 ± 14.5 years), 70 had single-canal BPPV and 32 had multi-canal involvement. Mean vitamin D concentrations did not differ significantly between singlecanal (24.52 ± 13.9 ng/mL) and multi-canal groups (19.55 ± 11.5 ng/mL; p = 0.0821). BMD T-scores were likewise similar (-1.93 ± 1.23 vs. -1.85 ± 1.34; p = 0.7639). Logistic regression showed that vitamin D insufficiency, vitamin D deficiency, osteopenia, and osteoporosis were not independent predictors of multi-canal BPPV. Conclusion. Low serum vitamin D levels and reduced BMD T-scores were not independently associated with multi-canal involvement in BPPV as confirmed by VOG diagnostics.

Keywords: BPPV, vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis, video-oculography.

Correspondence: Dae-Woong Bae Professor, Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93-6, Ji-dong, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 442-723, Republic of Korea, E-mail: qoeod321@gmail.com